The article deals with the process of socialization of teenagers in difficult life situations in teenage centers established within the framework of the project of the Federal Center for the Development of Adolescent Socialization Programs. The purpose of this paper is to present the results of the conducted sociological research on the evaluation of the programs presenting a new concept of increasing the awareness of possible methods of organizing adolescent spaces. The author also analyzes the “blind spots” reducing the effectiveness of these programs. Based on this analysis the paper suggests some recommendations for further elaborating such programs. 141 programs aimed at socialization of teenagers were analyzed to develop the federal program. The study employs such methods as content analysis and expert panel. The research has revealed that inequality and ageism towards adolescents on the part of expert developers has a significant impact on the quality and the effectiveness of socialization programs. The theoretical framework of the study includes R. Oldenburg’s theory of the “third place”.

The article examines the features of domestic violent crimes and the factors influencing the emergence of propensity to such actions. The aim of the work is to analyze the characteristics of the personality of the perpetrator of domestic violence and identify possible ways to prevent such crimes. The article investigates the biological, social, moral and spiritual signs and mental features of the personality of a domestic abuser, and makes suggestions concerning the prevention and the prophylaxis of domestic violent crimes.

The article considers the tools, directions and types of PR-strategies of enterprises to achieve market success. The relevance of the research subject is conditioned by the need to transform the marketing activity of the enterprise as a whole and to improve PRactivities under current conditions of their functioning. The paper presents the results of organizing PR-activities of the company of the real sector of economy, operating on the market of sanitary products, as well as the results of SWOT-analysis of the implementation of its PR-strategy. The author has identified some promising areas of improvement of PR-activities of the company to ensure commercial success.

The Russian Federation joined the Council of Europe on February 28, 1996. Since April 16, 1997 a moratorium was imposed on the death penalty in Russia. For more than 20 years this type of punishment has not been applied, although among modern academics, legal scholars and politicians there are still discussions on the need to reinstate it, especially after the termination of the membership of the Russian Federation in the Council of Europe since March 16, 2022.The article deals with the issue of the expediency of the death penalty in Russia. The author has employed such analytical tools as analysis, induction, synthesis and the sociological method. The paper presents the arguments of the supporters and the opponents of capital punishment, analyzes the legal problems associated with its practical implementation, as well as addresses the issue of the humaneness of an exceptional punishment measure and its compliance with the objectives of the penalties stipulated in the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation. The present research, conducted via a public opinion poll of the respondents among civilians and civil servants in law enforcement organizations, has revealed their attitude to the death penalty and the readiness of the society to its possible re-application in practice during sentencing.

Effective activity of public authorities is the basis for stability and development of the state. The accurate assessment of efficiency is of prior importance in identifying the issues in the functioning of public administration. For the unbiased assessment of the activities of the executive bodies of the subjects of the Russian Federation the criteria established in the Presidential Decree No. 68 “On the assessment of the effectiveness of the activities of the highest officials of the subjects of the Russian Federation and the activities of the executive bodies of the subjects of the Russian Federation” are being applied. One of the issues related to the implementation of these criteria consists in the difficulty to correlate the assessment of the effectiveness of the activities of executive authorities of the subjects of the Russian Federation and their actual performance efficiency and quality. The article investigates the efficiency criteria in academic perspective, considering various approaches to the understanding of their essence. The comparative analysis of the effectiveness of the activities of the top officials of two subjects of the Russian Federation — the governors of the Nizhny Novgorod region and Krasnodar Krai in accordance with the single criteria stipulated in the law, enables the authors to support the claim that the level of effectiveness of the heads of the subjects of the Russian Federation varies depending on the achievement of certain indicators.

The corporate fraud is an extremely dangerous phenomenon, typically faced by more than half of the companies operating in Russia and CIS countries. This phenomenon is accompanied not only by financial losses, but also by the loss of business contacts, deterioration of reputation, decline in company development and competitive disadvantage. According to the research conducted by the Association of Certified Fraud Examiners, the most prevalent type of corporate fraud, occurring in 86% of cases, is misappropriation of assets.

Within the framework of this article, the author examines some specific features of hidden asset misappropriation as one of the types of corporate fraud. The paper provides up-to-date statistics on the most common types of corporate fraud, the ways employees commit fraud and the reasons behind this fact.

One of the main threats to business development is the human factor, and, therefore, the paper analyzes not only the causes of illegal operations, but also the levels of fraud committed by staff and the categories of embezzlers who are in the position to infringe on the security of the company. With assets on the balance sheet, the use of which ensures the organization’s operational success, its CEO and Security Service employees must address the issues related to the prevention of fraudulent actions on the part of the personnel.

The development of a set of measures to detect, prevent and counteract the theft of assets will contribute to reducing the potential for fraudulent actions, establishing acceptable control over the employees’ conduct, and building a corporate culture. For this purpose, the final section of the paper presents a list of specific preventive measures aimed at protecting the property complex. Taking specific measures to prevent corporate fraud is a fundamental task to be addressed in the course of building and running a business. A competent system of protection of the organization’s assets will contribute to maintaining the trust of customers, partners and employees, which is an important element of its functioning.

This article analyzes the issues related to the proliferation of counterfeit products in the information technology sector. It emphasizes not only the economic, but also the social and reputational significance of the risks associated with this phenomenon, both for large companies and for individuals, e.g., university students. Special attention is given to the historical perspective of the issue, which clarifies the origins and the background of the problem. The article discusses various methods of combating counterfeit products, and emphasizes the prospects for solving the problem in the context of a vigorously developing techno-market.

Domestic violence has been a rather acute problem in modern Russian families. The cases when in an attempt to defend themselves, the victims of domestic violence cause harm to the attacker deserve special attention. The authors consider the issues of applying the norms of necessary defense in cases of domestic violence. The institute of necessary defense often becomes the subject of discussion in the theory and practice of criminal law, especially in terms of exceeding the limits of necessary defense. The authors examine the provisions of the criminal law, as well as the acts of interpretation, and draw the conclusion on the completeness and the sufficiency of the legal regulation of the institute of necessary defense. However, a detailed study of the materials of law enforcement practice clearly indicates that the law enforcer still has difficulties in establishing the existence of a state of necessary defense, as well as exceeding its limits. The authors have analyzed a number of criminal cases related to the use of necessary defense in order to be able to defend against domestic violence. Having identified and analyzed the negative trends of investigative and judicial practice in cases of necessary defense against acts of domestic violence, the authors conclude that the law enforcer often does not follow the clarifications of the acts of interpretation of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation. Consequently, there is no uniform law enforcement practice in the considering this category of cases. To optimize and eliminate negative trends the authors suggest making certain amendments to the criminal-legal regulation of necessary defense, establishing at the legislative level the circumstances that must be taken into account when deciding whether there is a state of necessary defense.

The article deals with the consideration of problematic issues of legal regulation of criminal liability for forgery, production and circulation of forged documents, state awards, stamps, seals, letterheads. The paper presents the analysis of the provisions of the criminal law, the statements of the Plenum of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation and the materials of judicial practice on the application of Article 327 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation. The conducted research has revealed the shortcomings of legislative regulation of Article 327 of the Criminal Code of the RF, including the unavailability of definitions of the concepts of “official document” and “forgery”; excessive enumeration of the types of official documents in Part 3 of Article 327 of the Criminal Code of the RF; the use of the terms “forged” and “counterfeit” having identical meaning. The problem of differentiation of such subjects of crimes as “knowingly forged official document granting rights or releasing from duties” (part 3 of article 327 of the Criminal Code of the RF) and “knowingly forged document” (part 5 of article 327 of the Criminal Code of the RF) is noted; the question of legal regulation of responsibility for the considered crime committed in complicity is considered. The author makes some suggestions on improvement of legislative regulation of criminal liability for the crime provided by article 327 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation.

The work with citizens’ appeals is an important tool for ensuring effective interaction of the people with public authorities, which constitutes the basis of a democratic system. In turn, the reliance on information from citizens’ appeals contributes to improving the activities of the state apparatus and increasing the population satisfaction with the public services provided. The rationale for the relevance of the study consists in the existence of significant problems in dealing with citizens’ appeals in the Russian Federation. The author conducts the analysis of the following problems: the lack of a clear definition of the concept of “appeal” in the legislation, a high flow of citizens’ appeals and a low quality of their processing. The article considers the main theoretical principles of organizing work with citizens’ appeals, conducts a study of such type of operations in the administration of the Kalininsky district of St. Petersburg, identifies existing issues and provides suggestions for their elimination. The realization of the proposed measures will improve the work with appeals and increase the efficiency of interaction between the authorities and the population. The academic novelty of the research lies in the formulation of the author’s definition of the term “citizen’s appeal”, as well as in the development of the authors’ recommendations to improve the work with citizens’ appeals in the administration of the Kalininsky district of St. Petersburg.

The purpose of this article is to provide a legal assessment of the establishment by employers of the requirements for training in a certain educational organization when applying for a job. However, the requirement to have a diploma from a particular university is ill-founded and, of course, should be considered as discrimination prohibited by administrative (Article 5.62 of the Administrative Code of the Russian Federation) and criminal (Article 136 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation) legislation of Russia. This discrimination should be attributed to violations of the equality of citizens based on belonging to social groups – those who do not have or do not receive education at a particular educational institution. Despite numerous comments on the dispositions of Articles 136 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation and Article 5.62 of the Administrative Code of the Russian Federation due to the “vagueness of wording”, their provisions can be applied in practice correctly and effectively: responsibility for discrimination, including on the basis of an educational institution, should occur in violation of a person’s right or legitimate interest, regardless of the consequences that have occurred.