This paper presents the fidings of the academic analysis of some modern trends aimed at the formation of urban space, its signifiant phenomena being the garden and the park. The article provides the examples of socio-cultural situations in Russian cities, identifying some issues in their development. The author conducts the comparative analysis of Nizhny Novgorod and Lyon in terms of the trends in the formation of modern urban space. It is noted that the current situation in Russian cities is characterized by the problem of population decrease, caused by the inconsistency of administrative decisions to the current socio-cultural transformations. The issues of uneven development of urban space, the degradation of existing plantations, the development of free biotopes have been widely addressed. The author considers the conceptual basis of the urban garden and the park as the holistic phenomena, with the emphasis on their aesthetic and socio-cultural interpretation. The paper analyses their role in the spatial expression of the essence of the city. The author concludes that applying the culturological approach to the design of urban landscapes has been relevant nowadays, since the cultural component of the demo-ecological system of the city has not been suffiiently covered. Positive examples have also been presented, when the art objects, appealing to the nature and Russian history, contribute to the formation of the image of the settlement, thus increasing its prestige. In conclusion the author states that some innovative trends in park construction represent a new world outlook. Despite the positive tendency to enhance the improvement of public spaces, the problem of their conceptual foundations and reliance on the Russian traditional values remains unsolved. Gardens and parks should be part of the city’s original image, its ecological pillar, and a multifunctional magnet, effectively carrying aesthetic, educational, recreational and educational functions.

The article is concerned with the signs of non-use of agricultural land plots for their intended purpose. Each of the signs is commented on, its features are considered, the disadvantages are pointed out. The author analyses the cases of application and nonapplication of the signs of non-use of agricultural land according to its intended purpose depending on the type of permitted use of the land plot. Some recommendations aimed at clarifying the content of the signs considered.

The article examines the hidden powers of the President of the Russian Federation, the reasons for the existence of this phenomenon in the state, as well as the constitutional and legal consequences of the implementation of hidden powers in practice. The specifi features of hidden powers and the legal basis of their functioning in the Russian political and legal reality are highlighted.

Conclusions are made concerning the role of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation in determining the possibility and legality of the implementation of the hidden powers of the President of the Russian Federation.

This article examines the transformations of Peter the Great in the system of central administration in the fist quarter of the XVIII century. It analyzes the existing system of public administration in the pre-Petrine period and identifis the reasons for the beginning of the state reforms. The author considers the process of the gradual transition from the old management system to the new one – the Senate and collegiums. The detailed account is provided of the functions, the structure, the staff, as well as the offie procedures of each board. The paper points out the underlying principles of Peter the Great’s transformations. The author highlights the need for the construction of a new building for government agencies in St. Petersburg and provides a detailed description concerning the selection of the location and the architect, as well as about the features of the construction. The reasons why the new management system failed to become as effective as Peter the Great had planned are mentioned. The conclusions are drawn about the importance of the reforms of the central administration of Russia.

The article presents the possibility of using the case method in the professional development and retraining of civil servants in connection with signifiant changes in the system of professional development of civil servants. The purpose of the article is the need to expand the scope of the case method in the training of civil servants. The author reveals the essence of the case method, and also presents a number of main problems in the training of civil servants that are resolved by using this method. The analysis of favorable and constraining factors inflencing the spread of the case method has been carried out.

The current Constitution of our country has given the Government of the Russian Federation the authority to preserve traditional family values. This makes it relevant to study the trends in changing the ideas of Russian youth about family and family relationships, and, in particular, the study of the image of romantic relationships created in the works of Russian fanfiction, which is a kind of network literature.This study is a pilot academic venture. The major features of representing romantic relationships have been identifid and systematized based on the analysis of the characteristics of the 150 most popular fanfictions and 100 fanfiction reader submissions. The conclusions have been drawn concerning the sexualization of the image of romantic relationships by fition writers and the predominance of relationships contradicting the traditional concepts of family: both the authors and the readers are largely interested in describing relationships in which physical and psychological violence are frequent. The so-called “alternative universes” have also become popular, enabling one to transform the reality of interpersonal interaction and move away from standard notions of romantic relationships. To clarify the reasons for this phenomenon, it is planned to go on analyzing the personal characteristics, value orientations, and motives of the activities of the main “actors” of the Russian fanfiction - the authors and readers of fanfiction works.

This article discusses the company’s communications Petshop.ru, its social networks and image on the internet in general. It was possible to identify the direction of the network’s marketing strategy, which made it possible to evaluate the effectiveness of communications with consumers. The company’s social networks were analyzed, and search results were monitored. The statistics of user behavior in social networks, the evaluation of the goods of the online store were studied. In general Petshop.ru he has built a positive image and is popular with pet lovers. The reputation of the company as a whole is attractive, but there is something to work on. Within the framework of this work, shortcomings were identifid and recommendations were proposed to eliminate them, which will help the company increase customer loyalty and activity, as well as make the image of the network more integral.

The article is concerned with the issues of payment for the participation of a lawyer — a defender in criminal cases, within the framework of the institution of procedural costs. The author puts forward a hypothesis that the lack of a clear distribution of the procedure for paying remuneration to a defender for his participation in a criminal case at various stages of the process and various authorized persons entails a lack of uniformity in the application of the norms of criminal procedure legislation, as well as systemic law enforcement practice. This gives rise to a certain lack of independence of the institution of procedural costs. The author fializes the study by identifying the solution to the above problem which consists in the need of supplementing the criminal procedural legislation with imperative norms that will avoid ambiguous interpretation of the law.

The article discusses the main reformist ideas of Count Sergei Yulievich Witte in the issues of ensuring the functioning and development of the railway system in Russia. The  analysis of the state of the modern transport system of the Russian Federation is carried out and the need for its modernization is justifid, for which the possibility and relevance of applying historical experience in public administration is revealed. A number of recommendations are formulated to improve the organizational, managerial, economic and other indicators of the country’s transport arteries.

The article deals with socio-cultural institutions - museum and library, which are important cultural phenomena, reveals their interpenetration and interaction. The  author points out the value of the book as a signifiant element of the literary culture, an effective mechanism of social memory, the major phenomenon of the library. Building on the culturological analysis the paper describes the museum libraries in the city of Belgorod: their activities, signifiance, and role, as well as the problematic aspects and characteristic features. The range of museum services has been lately extended, but the museum library remains in the shadows, being mostly accessible only to a museum staff. The museum library often does not have duplicate copies, which makes it even more signifiant, capable of preserving the intellectual, cultural heritage; it often does not provide reading rooms, which somewhat complicates the use of its funds. The article points out that the state fiancial support of the library potential of the museum is needed, which will contribute to the accumulation and preservation of national spiritual and material values of the society. Information support of the museum and the museum library is also important on various network resources and in various educational institutions. The article concludes that the museum library has great cultural potential, is an important component of the museum, it is a unique phenomenon, the keeper of the national cultural heritage. By opening access to its libraries, the museum could replenish its target audience, as well as contribute to the formation of a book culture that is becoming more multi-dimensional. Therefore, it is necessary to create conditions opening the access to the collections of museum libraries.

The article examines the impact of the public sector on socio-economic development. The  author studies the issue of the ratio of economic sectors, their effectiveness, and ways of their interaction to achieve the greatest effiiency. The article provides the analysis of the essence of the public sector of the economy and its structure. The author considers the structure of the Russian companies with state participation, the share of state participation in the market and the consequences of such participation. Based on the presented structure, a conclusion is drawn on the soundness of the policy in the fild of state entrepreneurship.