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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">adminconsult</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Новизна. Эксперимент. Традиции (Н.Экс.Т)</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Novelty. Experiment. Traditions (N.Ex.T)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2949-3625</issn><publisher><publisher-name></publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">adminconsult-659</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>От этических иллюзий к политической реальности: критика нормативных подходов в исследованиях о международной безопасности</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>From Ethical Illusions to Political Reality: Criticising Normative Approaches in International Security Studies</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Алексеев</surname><given-names>Р. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Alekseev</surname><given-names>R. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Роман Андреевич Алексеев, студент 2-го курса магистратуры</p><p>Северо-Западный институт управления; факультет международных отношений и политических исследований</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Roman A. Alekseev, MA student</p><p>North-Western Institute of Management; Faculty of International Relationsand Political Studies</p><p>Saint Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ralekseev-24@ranepa.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гайдаев</surname><given-names>О. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gaidaev</surname><given-names>O. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Олег Сергеевич Гайдаев, научный руководитель, старший преподаватель кафедры, кандидат политических наук</p><p>Северо-Западный институт управления; факультет международных отношений и политических исследований; кафедра международных отношений</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Oleg S. Gaidaev, Academic Supervisor, Senior Lecturer of the Department, PhD of Political Sciences</p><p>North-Western Institute of Management; Faculty of International Relations and Political Studies; Department of International Relations</p><p>Saint Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">gaydaev-os@ranepa.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Российская академия народного хозяйства и государственной службы при Президенте Российской Федерации<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>11</day><month>01</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>11</volume><issue>4 (32)</issue><fpage>21</fpage><lpage>28</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Алексеев Р.А., Гайдаев О.С., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Алексеев Р.А., Гайдаев О.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Alekseev R.A., Gaidaev O.S.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.nxtjournal.ru/jour/article/view/659">https://www.nxtjournal.ru/jour/article/view/659</self-uri><abstract><p>   Работа посвящена критическому анализу «теории справедливой секьюритизации» Р. Флойд, которая представляет собой попытки внедрить универсальные морально-этические нормы в практику обеспечения безопасности. С помощью сравнительного анализа кейсов мировой политики демонстрируются главные противоречия рассматриваемой нормативной теории: 1) невозможность объективно верифицировать экзистенциальную угрозу, 2) игнорирование критериев пропорциональности и минимизации ущерба под давлением бюрократических и политических интересов, 3) инструментализация гуманитарной риторики ради стратегических целей и 4) узость ценностной базы, основанной на западной либеральной модели. Эти противоречия показывают, что без закрепленных механизмов наднационального принуждения этические критерии остаются преимущественно риторическим ресурсом. Таким образом, нормативные подходы в исследованиях безопасности оказываются только ограниченно полезными для анализа и объяснения действий государств в исследованиях безопасности. При этом необходимо констатировать важность нормативного дискурса как инструмента, побуждающего пересматривать границы допустимого в сфере безопасности и способного стимулировать секьюритизирующих акторов к выработке более взвешенных решений.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>   The paper deals with the critical analysis of R. Floyd’s “theory of just securitization”, which attempts to incorporate universal moral and ethical norms into security practices. Via the comparative analysis of global political cases, the author demonstrates the main contradictions of this normative theory: (1) the impossibility of objectively verifying existential threats, (2) the neglect of proportionality and damage minimization criteria under the pressure of bureaucratic and political interests, (3) the instrumentalization of humanitarian rhetoric for strategic purposes, and (4) the narrowness of the value base grounded in the Western liberal model. These contradictions reveal that without established mechanisms of supranational enforcement, ethical criteria remain primarily a rhetorical resource. Thus, normative approaches in security studies prove to be only marginally useful for analysing and explaining state’s actions in the research works on security issues. At the same time, it is essential to acknowledge the importance of the normative discourse as a tool that encourages rethinking the boundaries of what is acceptable in the realm of security, and can encourage securitizing actors to develop more balanced decisions.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>секьюритизация</kwd><kwd>теория справедливой секьюритизации</kwd><kwd>нормативные подходы</kwd><kwd>международная безопасность</kwd><kwd>гуманитарная интервенция</kwd><kwd>стратегические интересы</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>securitisation</kwd><kwd>fair securitisation theory</kwd><kwd>normative approaches</kwd><kwd>international security</kwd><kwd>humanitarian intervention</kwd><kwd>strategic interests</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Гайдаев О. С. 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